Ekufuneni ubomi obuphezulu namhlanje, amanzi amaminerali njengommeli weziphuzo zempilo, ukhuseleko lwayo luye lwaba ngumnye wabathengi abachaphazelekayo. Iphephandaba laseHong Kong Consumer Council lamva nje elithi "Choice" likhuphe ingxelo apho bavavanya khona iindidi ezingama-30 zamanzi asebhotileni kwimarike, ikakhulu ukujonga ukhuseleko lwala manzi asebhotileni. Uvavanyo lweentsalela zesibulala-ntsholongwane kunye neemveliso zafumanisa ukuba iindidi ezimbini ezidumileyo zamanzi asebhotileni eTshayina, "iNtwasahlobo yaseNtwasahlobo" kunye "neNtwasahlobo yaseNtabeni," iqulethe i-3 micrograms yebromate ngekhilogram. Olu gxininiso lugqithise elona xabiso liphezulu le-bromate kumanzi amaminerali endalo kunye namanzi entwasahlobo kunyango lwe-ozone echazwe yi-European Union, ethe yavusa inkxalabo kunye nengxoxo.
* Ifoto evela kwinethiwekhi yoluntu.
I. Uhlalutyo lwemvelaphi ye-bromate
I-Bromate, njenge-inorganic compound, ayiyona into engokwemvelo yamanzi amaminerali. Ukubonakala kwayo kudla ngokuhambelana nokusingqongileyo kwendalo yendawo yentloko yamanzi kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula elandelayo. Okokuqala, i-bromine ion (Br) kwindawo yentloko yamanzi yi-precursor ye-bromate, efumaneka kakhulu emanzini olwandle, kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba anetyuwa kunye namanye amatye atyebileyo kwiiminerali ze-bromine. Xa le mithombo isetyenziswa njengeendawo zokurhoxiswa kwamanzi kumanzi amaminerali, i-bromine ions inokungena kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.
II.ikrele elintlangothi-mbini le-ozone disinfection
Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kwamanzi omthombo wamaminerali, ukwenzela ukubulala i-microorganisms kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomgangatho wamanzi, abaninzi abavelisi baya kusebenzisa i-ozone (O3) njenge-detoxifier. I-Ozone, kunye ne-oxidation yayo eqinile, inokubola ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziphilayo, ingasebenzi iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya, kwaye ibonwa njengendlela efanelekileyo kunye neyokusingqongileyo yokucoca amanzi. I-Bromine ions (Br) kwimithombo yamanzi iya kwenza i-bromate phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ezifana nokusabela kunye ne-oxidizing agents (ezifana ne-ozone). Yile khonkco, ukuba ayilawulwa kakuhle, inokukhokelela kumxholo we-bromate ogqithisileyo.
Ngethuba lenkqubo ye-ozone yokuchithwa kwe-disinfection, ukuba umthombo wamanzi uqulethe amanqanaba aphezulu e-bromide ion, i-ozone iya kusabela kunye nale ionni ye-bromide ukwenza i-bromate. Le ntshukumo yeekhemikhali iyenzeka kwakhona phantsi kweemeko zendalo, kodwa kwindawo elawulwa ngokwenziwa kwe-disinfection, ngenxa yoxinaniso lwe-ozone ephezulu, izinga lokuphendula likhawuleza kakhulu, elinokubangela ukuba umxholo we-bromate udlule umgangatho wokhuseleko.
III. Igalelo leMiba yokusiNgqongileyo
Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, izinto zokusingqongileyo azikwazi ukuhoywa. Ngokwanda kokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi kunye nongcoliseko lwemekobume, amanzi aphantsi komhlaba kwezinye iindawo anokuchatshazelwa ngakumbi ziimpembelelo zangaphandle. Njengokungena kwamanzi olwandle, ukungeniswa kwezichumisi zezolimo kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane, njl., ezinokunyusa umxholo we-bromide ion kwimithombo yamanzi, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa umngcipheko wokubunjwa kwe-bromate kunyango olulandelayo.
I-Bromate ngokwenene yinto encinci eveliswa emva kwe-ozone disinfection yemithombo yendalo emininzi efana namanzi amaminerali kunye namanzi emithombo yentaba. Ichongwe njengodidi lwe-2B olunokwenzeka lwe-carcinogen kumazwe ngamazwe. Xa abantu besebenzisa kakhulu i-bromate, iimpawu zesicaphucaphu, iintlungu zesisu, ukuhlanza kunye nohudo lunokwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kwizintso kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous!
IV. Indima yezibane ze-amalgam ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-ozone kunyango lwamanzi.
Izibane ze-amalgam ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-ozone-free, njengohlobo lomthombo wokukhanya we-ultraviolet (UV), zikhupha iimpawu ezibukekayo zemaza amakhulu angama-253.7nm kunye nobuchule obusebenzayo bokuvala inzala. Ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi yokucoca amanzi. Indlela yayo ephambili yokwenza kukusebenzisa imisebe ye-ultraviolet ukutshabalalisa i-microorganisms. Ubume be-DNA ukufezekisa injongo yokuvala inzala kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.
1, isiphumo sokuvala inzala sibalulekile:I-ultraviolet wavelength ekhutshwa sisibane esingenaxinzelelo lwe-ozone-free i-amalgam ikakhulu igxininiswe malunga ne-253.7nm, eyona bhanti inamandla okufunxa yi-microbial DNA efana nebhaktiriya kunye neentsholongwane. Ngoko ke, isibane sinokubulala ngokufanelekileyo ibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, ii-parasites kunye nezinye i-microorganisms ezinobungozi emanzini, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomgangatho wamanzi.
2 .Akukho ntsalela yeekhemikhali:Xa kuthelekiswa nearhente yokubulala iintsholongwane, isibane esiphantsi soxinzelelo lwe-amalgam sibulala iintsholongwane ngeendlela zomzimba ngaphandle kwentsalela yeekhemikhali, sithintela umngcipheko wongcoliseko lwesibini. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kunyango lwamanzi okusela ngokuthe ngqo njengamanzi amaminerali
3, ukugcina umgangatho wamanzi uzinzo:Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kwamanzi ezimbiwa, isibane se-amalgam soxinzelelo oluphantsi asinakusetyenziselwa ukubulala iintsholongwane kwimveliso yokugqibela, kodwa singasetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamanzi, ukucocwa kwemibhobho, njl. njl., ukunceda ukugcina uzinzo lomgangatho wamanzi yonke inkqubo yemveliso.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isibane esingenaxinzelelo lwe-ozone-free amalgam sikhupha i-amalgam engundoqo ye-spectrum kwi-253.7nm, kwaye ubude obungaphantsi kwe-200nm buphantse bube yinto engathandabuzekiyo kwaye ayivelisi i-ozone ephezulu. Ke ngoko, akukho bromate igqithisiweyo iveliswayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvala inzala yamanzi.
Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-UV ye-Ozone yasimahla yeAmalgam Isibane
V. Isiphelo
Ingxaki yomxholo we-bromate ogqithisileyo kumanzi amaminerali ngumngeni onzima wokucoca amanzi ofuna uphando olunzulu kunye nokuhlola kwiimbono ezininzi. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-ozone izibane ze-mercury zamahhala, njengezixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwintsimi yonyango lwamanzi, nganye ineenzuzo ezizodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi amaminerali, imithombo yokukhanya efanelekileyo kunye neendlela zobugcisa kufuneka zikhethwe ngokwemeko yangempela, kwaye ukubekwa esweni nokulawulwa komgangatho wamanzi kufuneka kuqiniswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithontsi ngalinye lamanzi amaminerali linokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nokucoceka. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka siqhubeke sinikela ingqalelo kuphuhliso lwamva nje kunye nokusetyenziswa okutsha kobuchwepheshe bokucocwa kwamanzi, kwaye sinikele ngobulumko obungakumbi namandla ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wamanzi okusela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2024